Installéiert d'MariaDB Datebank an RHEL/CentOS/Fedora an Debian/Ubuntu

MariaDB ass e binäre Drop-in Ersatz fir MySQL, entwéckelt vun originelle Autoren vum MySQL Project a voll kompatibel mat MySQL mat méi Features a bessere Performanceverbesserung. Bis mir dëse Post geschriwwen hunn, ass MariaDB 10.0 Serie d'Entwécklungsversioun (Alpha) a MariaDB 5.5 ass déi aktuell stabil (GA) Verëffentlechung.

Firwat soll ech MariaDB benotzen?

Wéi mir all wëssen ass MySQL wäit benotzt an déi populärste RDBMS an déi éischt Wiel vun Entwéckler. Am Joer 2008 gouf MySQL vum Sun Microsystem opkaf, dat duerno vun Oracle kaaft gouf an net méi Open Source ass.

Gutt, MariaDB gëtt gesponsert vum Monty Program AB & MariaDB Foundation an ass onofhängeg vum Kärentwéckler vu MySQL an aner Gemeinschaftsmemberen entwéckelt a wierklech Open Source. De Mann deen MySQL Datebank vum Michael Monty Widenius, David Axmark, an Allan Larsso de Grënner vu MySQL a Monty Program AB erstallt huet ass elo hannert MariaDB. Si géifen d'Entwécklung vun der MariaDB Foundation iwwerwaachen.

Wien benotzt MariaDB?

Et gi vill Verdeelungen & grouss Websäite sinn op MariaDB gewiesselt, e puer vun hinnen sinn:

  1. Mozilla Corporation
  2. Wikipedia
  3. OpenSuse
  4. Fedora
  5. OLX
  6. Nimbuzz
  7. SlashGear
  8. ArchLinux
  9. Redhat Enterprise Linux (vu RHEL7)
  10. Slackware
  11. Mageia
  12. Slackware
  13. TurboLinux
  14. De Chakra Projet
  15. Gentoo
  16. GNU/Linux KDu

Installéiere vun der MariaDB Datebank an RHEL/CentOS 6/5 a Fedora 18/17

Mir recommandéieren héich personaliséiert MariaDB YUM (Package Manager) Repository ze benotzen fir ze installéieren. Erstellt eng Repo-Datei ënner /etc/yum.repos.d/MariaDB.repo, kopéiert a paste folgend Entréen drënner.

De Moment sinn MariaDB Repositories verfügbar fir RHEL 6, RHEL5, CentOS 6, CentOS 5, a Fedora 20,19,18,17. Wielt w.e.g. de richtege Repository op Är OS Versioun.

# MariaDB 5.5 RedHat repository list - created 2013-08-11 14:29 UTC
# http://mariadb.org/mariadb/repositories/
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/5.5/rhel6-x86
gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1
# MariaDB 5.5 RedHat repository list - created 2013-08-11 14:30 UTC
# http://mariadb.org/mariadb/repositories/
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/5.5/rhel6-amd64
gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1
# MariaDB 5.5 RedHat repository list - created 2013-08-11 14:31 UTC
# http://mariadb.org/mariadb/repositories/
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/5.5/rhel5-x86
gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1
# MariaDB 5.5 RedHat repository list - created 2013-08-11 14:31 UTC
# http://mariadb.org/mariadb/repositories/
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/5.5/rhel5-amd64
gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1
# MariaDB 5.5 CentOS repository list - created 2013-08-11 14:21 UTC
# http://mariadb.org/mariadb/repositories/
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/5.5/centos6-x86
gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1
# MariaDB 5.5 CentOS repository list - created 2013-08-11 14:22 UTC
# http://mariadb.org/mariadb/repositories/
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/5.5/centos6-amd64
gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1
# MariaDB 5.5 CentOS repository list - created 2013-08-11 14:23 UTC
# http://mariadb.org/mariadb/repositories/
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/5.5/centos5-x86
gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1
# MariaDB 5.5 CentOS repository list - created 2013-08-11 14:23 UTC
# http://mariadb.org/mariadb/repositories/
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/5.5/centos5-amd64
gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1
# MariaDB 5.5 Fedora repository list - created 2014-03-19 06:34 UTC
# http://mariadb.org/mariadb/repositories/
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/5.5/fedora20-x86
gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1

# MariaDB 5.5 Fedora repository list - created 2014-03-19 06:35 UTC
# http://mariadb.org/mariadb/repositories/
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/5.5/fedora20-amd64
gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1

# MariaDB 5.5 Fedora repository list - created 2014-03-19 06:31 UTC
# http://mariadb.org/mariadb/repositories/
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/5.5/fedora19-x86
gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1

# MariaDB 5.5 Fedora repository list - created 2014-03-19 06:34 UTC
# http://mariadb.org/mariadb/repositories/
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/5.5/fedora19-amd64
gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1

# MariaDB 5.5 Fedora repository list - created 2013-08-11 14:32 UTC
# http://mariadb.org/mariadb/repositories/
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/5.5/fedora18-x86
gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1
# MariaDB 5.5 Fedora repository list - created 2013-08-11 14:33 UTC
# http://mariadb.org/mariadb/repositories/
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/5.5/fedora18-amd64
gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1
# MariaDB 5.5 Fedora repository list - created 2013-08-11 14:33 UTC
# http://mariadb.org/mariadb/repositories/
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/5.5/fedora17-x86
gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1
# MariaDB 5.5 Fedora repository list - created 2013-08-11 14:33 UTC
# http://mariadb.org/mariadb/repositories/
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/5.5/fedora17-amd64
gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1

Wann Dir d'MariaDB.repo Datei ënner /etc/yum.repos.d/ gesat hutt. Loosst eis mat dem folgenden YUM Kommando installéieren.

# On RHEL/CentOS 6/5 and Fedora 19,18,17 #
 yum -y install MariaDB MariaDB-server

# On Fedora 20 #
 yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server

Wann de MariaDB GPG Signing Schlëssel net installéiert ass, wäert YUM se automatesch installéieren nodeems Dir all Packagen erofgelueden hutt.

Nodeems d'Installatioun fäerdeg ass, start MariaDB mam folgenden Kommando.

# On RHEL/CentOS 6/5 and Fedora 19,18,17 #
 /etc/init.d/mysql start

# On Fedora 20 #
 systemctl start mariadb.service 
 systemctl enable mariadb.service

Gidd de Kommando 'mysql' am Terminal. Par défaut ass Passwuert fir Root eidel.

 mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 1
Server version: 5.5.32-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle, Monty Program Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]>

Fëllt de folgende Kommando aus fir Standarddatenbanken ze gesinn déi mat der Installatioun kënnt.

MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Typ quit vun der Kommandoprompt fir aus der Shell erauszekommen.

MariaDB [(none)]> quit
Bye

No der Installatioun, sollt Dir all Schrëtt virsiichteg liesen an ënner dem root Passwuert setzen, anonym Benotzer läschen, Remote Root Login net erlaben, an läscht d'Testdatenbank an Zougang fir MariaDB ze sécheren.

  mysql_secure_installation
/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation: line 379: find_mysql_client: command not found

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
      SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user.  If you've just installed MariaDB, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none):

OK, successfully used password, moving on...

Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.

Set root password? [Y/n] Y

New password:
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
 ... Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y
 ... Success!

By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
 - Dropping test database...
 ... Success!
 - Removing privileges on test database...
 ... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
 ... Success!

Cleaning up...

All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MariaDB!

Wann de Postinstallatiounsskript fäerdeg ass, musst Dir d'MariaDB Datebank nei starten fir nei Ännerungen ze huelen.

# On RHEL/CentOS 6/5 and Fedora 19,18,17 #
 /etc/init.d/mysql restart

# On Fedora 20 #
 systemctl restart mariadb.service

Set MariaDB fir beim Boot unzefänken

 chkconfig mysql on

Loosst eis probéieren mat nei agestallte Root-Umeldungsinformatiounen ze verbannen a mir sollten eppes gesinn wéi.

 mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 1
Server version: 5.5.32-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle, Monty Program Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]>

Installéiere vun der MariaDB Datebank an Debian 7/6 an Ubuntu 13.04/12/10/12.04

Mir recommandéieren e personaliséierte Repository ze benotzen fir ze installéieren. Fëllt déi folgend Befehle fir MariaDB op Äre System ze addéieren. Notéiert w.e.g. d'Ënnerschreiweschlëssel bleift d'selwecht an Debian an Ubuntu wärend d'selwecht importéiert.

[email :~$ sudo apt-get install python-software-properties
[email :~$ sudo apt-key adv --recv-keys --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com 0xcbcb082a1bb943db

Kopéiert a paste déi folgend Entréen an eng Datei /etc/apt/sources.list um ënnen.

# MariaDB 5.5 repository list - created 2013-08-11 15:03 UTC
# http://mariadb.org/mariadb/repositories/
deb http://mirrors.scie.in/mariadb/repo/5.5/debian wheezy main
deb-src http://mirrors.scie.in/mariadb/repo/5.5/debian wheezy main
# MariaDB 5.5 repository list - created 2013-08-11 15:17 UTC
# http://mariadb.org/mariadb/repositories/
deb http://mirrors.scie.in/mariadb/repo/5.5/debian squeeze main
deb-src http://mirrors.scie.in/mariadb/repo/5.5/debian squeeze main
# MariaDB 5.5 repository list - created 2014-03-19 06:47 UTC
# http://mariadb.org/mariadb/repositories/
deb http://mirrors.scie.in/mariadb/repo/5.5/ubuntu saucy main
deb-src http://mirrors.scie.in/mariadb/repo/5.5/ubuntu saucy main

# MariaDB 5.5 repository list - created 2013-08-11 15:18 UTC
# http://mariadb.org/mariadb/repositories/
deb http://mirrors.scie.in/mariadb/repo/5.5/ubuntu raring main
deb-src http://mirrors.scie.in/mariadb/repo/5.5/ubuntu raring main
# MariaDB 5.5 repository list - created 2013-08-11 15:24 UTC
# http://mariadb.org/mariadb/repositories/
deb http://mirrors.scie.in/mariadb/repo/5.5/ubuntu quantal main
deb-src http://mirrors.scie.in/mariadb/repo/5.5/ubuntu quantal main
# MariaDB 5.5 repository list - created 2013-08-11 15:24 UTC
# http://mariadb.org/mariadb/repositories/
deb http://mirrors.scie.in/mariadb/repo/5.5/ubuntu precise main
deb-src http://mirrors.scie.in/mariadb/repo/5.5/ubuntu precise main

Wann Dir de Schlëssel korrekt importéiert hutt an de Repository richteg bäigefüügt hutt, kënnt Dir MariaDB mat apt-get Kommando installéieren wéi gewisen. Wärend der Installatioun kënnt Dir froen d'Root Passwuert fir d'Datebank opzestellen.

[email :~$ sudo apt-get update
[email :~$ sudo apt-get install mariadb-server

Login MariaDB mat Root Umeldungsinformatioun déi virdru gesat gouf.

[email :~$ sudo mysql -u root -p
[sudo] password for narad: 
Enter password:
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 42
Server version: 10.0.3-MariaDB-1~raring-log mariadb.org binary distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle, Monty Program Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Bemierkung: Typ quit vun der Kommandoprompt fir aus der Datebank ze verloossen.

Referenz Linken

  1. MariaDB vs MySQL - Features
  2. MariaDB Dokumentatioun
  3. MariaDB Homepage